Governor Quinn Swings Weakly, Wiffs on Corporate Tax Loopholes
Based on the media buzz following the last night’s press corps briefing on the governor’s address, we got our hopes up that Quinn might name substantive tax loopholes that can be closed in order to raise badly needed revenue. Instead, Quinn mentioned only one: $75 million per year in revenue from “big oil”. We applaud Quinn’s recognition that Illinois needs to close corporate tax loopholes, but were disappointed that he didn’t present any more substantive ideas.
Thanks to our friends at Good Jobs First, we can name three Illinois corporate tax loopholes that, if closed, would generate $1.5 billion in revenue over three years. These changes alone won’t solve our revenue crisis, but they will go along way towards alleviating the pain of severe budget cuts.
No one likes talking tax policy, but we desperately need to shine the light on these loopholes: a thorough exploration renders them indefensible. So take a deep breath and dive in.
Decouple from Federal Tax Policy
Just like your adjusted gross income from your personal federal income tax return determines your taxable income in Illinois, Illinois corporate tax code is “coupled” with federal corporate tax code. There are two specific couplings that are costing us more than $1 billion in revenue over three years: accelerated depreciation on capital investments and the deduction for domestic production.
The accelerated depreciation enacted by the federal government is designed to encourage capital investment by allowing companies to write off new equipment immediately rather than over its expected lifespan. “Forgoing revenue in the short term to help stimulate the economy is possible for the federal government because it is allowed to run a deficit,” says the Good Jobs First report. “But for the states, with their balanced-budget requirements, such revenue loss during a recession would only force deeper budget cuts.”
Twenty-five of the 44 states that tax corporate income have decoupled from federal policy. Of those states that are still coupled, Illinois loses the most revenue. We must decouple now. There is no time to loose!
End Corporate Skimming of Sales Tax Revenue
Illinois lets retailers keep a portion (1.75%) of the sales tax you and I pay on every purchase! Perhaps this made sense when enacted in the era before electronic cash registers and software designed to automatically track and remit payment to the state, but Illinois currently loses more than $110 million per year to this loophole. Wal-Mart alone kept nearly $10 million of sales tax paid by Illinoisans.
Single Sales Factor
Single what? This tax policy allows corporations to calculate their tax liabilities based only on their in-state sales and omits their payroll and property from the calculation. Imagine you run Company X, and Company X has 40% of its payroll and 40% of its property in Illinois, but only 4% of its sales. Under the old formula for calculating corporate tax liability in Illinois (percentage of payroll + percentage of property + percentage of sales divided by 3), Company X would pay taxes on 28% of its profit. Under Single Sales Factor, Company X now pays taxes on a mere 4% of its profit. This is unfair because Company X relies on our roads, airports and other Illinois infrastructure to conduct its business, and Company X’s employees use Illinois schools, hospitals and the other social goods.
Single Sales Factor benefits large corporations like Abbot Labs, Caterpillar and Motorola who have large operations in the state, but whose in-state sales are small relative to sales nation-wide. The business lobby argues that Single Sales Factor is necessary to create and retain jobs, but in fact, the nine companies that lobbied for Single Sales Factor or were reported to have been its biggest beneficiaries have laid off more than 12,000 workers since 1999.
In a state starving for revenue, these loopholes are low hanging fruit. Illinois is losing more money than any other state on these 3 antiquated loopholes. But there’s more…
Cease and Desist from Company Specific Tax Breaks
Illinois must stop submitting to corporate blackmail like that of Sears and CME Group. It’s kind of like negotiating with terrorists, an ugly business that just encourages more kidnappings. I guess you could say that Sears and CME group are our latest corporate terrorists.
One of the first signs that a corporation is likely to disinvest (to scale back production to or lay off workers) is an appeal for tax breaks. Companies that obsess about tax rates rather than focusing on their customers and growing their market share are focusing on the wrong thing!
Sears is the prime example of this behavior. Back in 1989, Sears got a $178 million subsidy to move their operations from downtown to Hoffman Estates, and since then they’ve done nothing but lose customers. Just this past December, eleven days after Illinois granted Sears another $275 million in property and income tax breaks, they announced the closure of 100 stores nationwide. There have been 12 major layoffs at Sears’ Illinois locations since 1999, including 100 on Thursday, February 16, totaling 2,497 workers laid off. Sears was given $275 million in tax breaks – the only condition being that they not to fire more than one-third of their 6,100 workers. Clearly, Illinois taxpayers are subsidizing Sears’ revenues as a cushion to the abysmal failure of their business model. We say let them walk, and invest the $275 million in public works and investments that will actually create jobs and improve the state’s overall attractiveness!
Company’s decisions about where to locate involve many complex factors. Numerous studies show that taxation is rarely a significant factor in location decisions. All state and local taxes combined come to 1.2 percent of a company’s cost structure. Instead of tinkering around the edges of what draws business, state government should focus on the 98.8 percent: state of the art infrastructure, great schools, relevant worker training programs and public safety.
If we accept that corporations are people, we must ask ourselves: what kind of people act like this? Do we want to be their friends? Do we want them to have power in our lives? We would banish from our lives any actual person that acted this selfish and greedy. But in Illinois and in America, we let them set the terms of the debate, write the laws and enrich themselves at our expense.
Austerity Not The Answer
It is time to reject this completely flawed and discredited model of “trickle down” economics and replace it with one that understands the importance of a healthy public sector that sustains a strong physical infrastructure, invests in actual human-person education and health and forces “corporate-persons” to do their fair share in maintaining the society from which they derive great benefit. Every cut of 1% of the Illinois budget results in more than 6300 jobs lost for Illinois workers and perpetuates the vicious downward cycle. We should look to the America of FDR as a model and not to current day Greece.
Great Research
But don’t take our word for it… Read the Good Jobs First report “Closing Corporate Loopholes, Bolstering Illinois’ Budget”. Check out their blog posts on Sears: Job Blackmail Pays, Job Blackmail: An Early Warning Sign of Job Loss, and Now Come the (Penalty-Free) Headquarters Layoffs.